link to News Summary for November 25 and News Reports for November 26 here
link to previous day’s News Reports
http://www.newsobserver.com/105/story/514837.html
A series of reports of Spanish Flu deaths. A good article to show those you want to start taking H5N1 seriously.
[snip]
“The death toll of the Spanish flu pandemic is staggering, even by the crude statistical measures of the time. It was enough to carve a dozen years off America’s average life expectancy; enough to cause North Carolina’s 1918 influenza death rate to leap to a level 20 times higher than 1917.
Consider this: More Americans died during the Spanish flu pandemic than were killed in battle during all of America’s wars — from the Revolutionary War through the Civil War, both World Wars and the current conflict in Iraq.”
Could next outbreak rival 1918 flu? (a few excerpts from a longer article)
Another pandemic is inevitable, health experts say — and today’s society may be even more susceptible.
[snip]
Based on tissues taken from 1918 flu victims, geneticists have concluded the deadly virus jumped directly from infected poultry to humans — then directly from humans to other humans.
Two years ago, similar concerns were raised about H5N1, a virus present in Asian birds. Epidemiologists worry H5N1 might follow the same pattern as the 1918 virus.
“The 1918 virus killed about 2.5 percent of those it infected, but H5N1 is 10 times more lethal in case mortality,” said Dr. Michael Greger, a bird flu expert with the Humane Society of the United States. “The implications are staggering.”
[snip]
The occasionally peculiar or crude measures undertaken to meet the 1918 outbreak mask the disturbing probability that today’s society is more vulnerable to a similar flu pandemic, several epidemiologists say.
‘’‘“The modern world is much less able to handle it,” said Dr. Michael Osterholm of the University of Minnesota’s Center for Infectious Disease, Research and Policy.
“We live in a country with a just-in-time delivery system,” Osterholm said. “Should international trade and travel be interrupted, the domino impact will be huge. Hospital budgets are gnawed to the bone and sucking calcium. Emergency rooms are running over capacity every day. Any major crisis would overwhelm the system.”’‘’
[snip]
State epidemiologist Hull agrees, though he adds that Minnesota might fare better than many places — just as it did in 1918.
“We have a good public health system and a better state of preparedness,” Hull said.But, for Hull, that’s not enough. “I’ve stockpiled food and water now so that I won’t have to go out if things get really bad,” he said.
More: http://tinyurl.com/vb54l
Impressive article - somebody did their homework well.
11–26–2006 18:12
Korea Times
“Farmers in North Cholla Province are scrambling to put up defenses after the health authorities found bird flu in dead chickens at a farm in Iksan, the country’s first outbreak since 2003.
Although the government urges calm over the discovery of bird flu, identified as the H5N1 strain that could be fatal to humans, there is mounting concern over public health safety and economic losses, since the area is the country’s largest poultry supplier.
‘’‘This February, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that four quarantine workers, involved in culling operations on poultry farms after the bird flu outbreak in 2003, tested positive for the H5N1 virus. However, none of the four suffered flu-liked symptoms or any other illnesses believed to be linked to bird flu, the state-run agency said.’‘’
- excerpt
Hundreds of Dogs & Pigs Culled
Sunday, November 26, 106
Korea Herald
“The government’s confirmation of a fatal type of bird flu that broke out last week has led to the slaughter of thousands of chickens and hundreds of dogs and pigs near the affected poultry farm in the southwest of the country. The Agriculture Ministry said on Saturday that the bird flu outbreak at the farm in Iksan, North Jeolla Province, was caused by a highly virulent H5N1 strain of avian influenza. It is the country’s first outbreak in three years.
Following the mandate of the National Security Council, the government yesterday ordered the culling of 236,000 chickens and ducks at six farms within a 500-meter radius of the initially-infected farm in Iksan, about 250 kilometers south of Seoul. The quarantine also called for the slaughtering of 300 pigs and 577 dogs within the area.”
Getting Started on Human Avian Pandemic Planning Planning for a Pandemic Definition. The National Park Service has established these planning and response “levels” to describe the potential situations and the needed responses to those situations. The “levels” are not used by other agencies, but are somewhat similar to the “phases” concept used for pandemics by the World Health Organization. Level One. Level One occurs when novel influenza virus is causing wildlife and domestic bird morbidity and mortality, with an ability to infect humans. This is the present world situation at the time this plan is being written (May, 2006). The lack of immediate emergency presented by this condition gives the National Park Service an opportunity to consider the effects a pandemic may have on the agency and its ability to carry out its mission; to consider and minimize or mitigate adverse effects on employees, visitors and resources; and to plan the best courses of action to take in the event of a pandemic….
Level Two is defined as when sustained human disease transmission is occurring anywhere in the world other than North America. This level presents an opportunity to test communications and other systems, to acquire needed supplies and materials, to implement plans and to get ready for Level Three. When pandemic influenza begins, it is likely to spread very rapidly since it is a contagious disease of the lungs usually spread by infected people coughing and sneezing. Thus, the move to Level Three conditions, at least somewhere in North America, may occur quickly….
Level Three. Level Three begins when human-to-human transmission has arrived in North America. Plans and control measures will be implemented in conjunction with Federal, state and local health authorities and cooperating agencies and organizations. Note that the actions taken throughout the country will depend on the location and extent of disease outbreak. Remember that many units of the National Park System draw large numbers of international visitors. These units may have early disease outbreak even if located in what appear to be isolated settings. This likelihood increases in urban settings and along major transportation routes.
A Time Magazine cover story which mentions avian flu (it is seen as something we should not be spending so much “dreading” and “worrying about” compared with many other problems):
How Americans Are Living Dangerously
We worry too much about overhyped threats, and ignore the things that really put us at risk By JEFFREY KLUGER
<snip> Shadowed by peril as we are, you would think we’d get pretty good at distinguishing the risks likeliest to do us in from the ones that are statistical long shots. But you would be wrong. We agonize over avian flu, which to date has killed precisely no one in the U.S., but have to be cajoled into getting vaccinated for the common flu, which contributes to the deaths of 36,000 Americans each year. We wring our hands over the mad cow pathogen that might be (but almost certainly isn’t) in our hamburger and worry far less about the cholesterol that contributes to the heart disease that kills 700,000 of us annually.
<snip>
REAL AND PERCEIVED RISK
It’s not impossible for us to become sharper risk handicappers. For one thing, we can take the time to learn more about the real odds. Baruch Fischhoff, professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, recently asked a panel of 20 communications and finance experts what they thought the likelihood of human-to-human transmission of avian flu would be in the next three years. They put the figure at 60%. He then asked a panel of 20 medical experts the same question. Their answer: 10%. “There’s reason to be critical of experts,” Fischhoff says, “but not to replace their judgment with laypeople’s opinions.”
The Washington Post
November 26. 2006 10:00AM
On Monday, the Department of Health and Human Services released a progress report on its preparations for a flu pandemic in the United States. Not stressed, but nevertheless clear, was how much the country would rely on antiviral drugs such as Tamiflu, a drug that can reduce the severity of flu symptoms, to treat Americans while new vaccines were developed.
Public health authorities are frantically stockpiling Tamiflu, and they hope to have more than 50 million courses of antiviral medication on hand by the end of 2008 to administer in the event of an outbreak.
But a report released by the World Health Organization earlier this month said that strains of the H5N1 “bird flu” virus - a likely candidate for mutation into a pandemic flu - might be developing resistance to Tamiflu and other antivirals. The country faces the possibility that its reserve of Tamiflu might not do much to counter a pandemic flu.
The federal government is also collecting doses of vaccines that protect against existing strains of the bird flu virus, though on a much smaller scale than its purchase of Tamiflu. These shots, the Health and Human Services report said, might eliminate or ease symptoms caused by new forms of the virus. But the World Health Organization report was pessimistic about the effectiveness of the vaccines against strains of the virus they were not designed to fight.” - excerpt
Editing {Forum.NewsReportsForNovember26}
WHO new chief expounds goal of building “harmonious health world”
www.chinaview.cn 2006–11–26 22:47:54
GENEVA, Nov. 26 (Xinhua) — The goal of the World Health Organization (WHO) is to build a “harmonious health world,” in which everyone enjoys health, happiness and security, Dr Margaret Chan, the newly-elected WHO chief, has said.
The WHO Constitution says “harmony” is at the core of the world public health cause, so “the priority of our work is to build a harmonious health world,” Chan told Xinhua in an exclusive interview on Saturday.
Chan, who is scheduled to take office on Jan. 4, 2007, noted that harmony is a measure of civilization and that a harmonious life is closely related to health and security.” - excerpt
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2006-11/26/content_5377284.htm
Gort at 13:22
Chan, who is scheduled to take office on Jan. 4, 2007, noted that harmony is a measure of civilization and that a harmonious life is closely related to health and security.”
Ms. Chan appears to be weaving the Chinese Gov’t party line into her role at WHO.
“Harmony” = no one talk bad about the PROC.
How about “protection against illness” being the main purpose of WHO? “Harmony”? I find her comments nauseating.
Hospitals overcrowded with flue chikungunya patients Sri lanka Nov 26
“Hospitals in Colombo are chock-a-block with patients suffering from a viral flue spreading in the city and suburbs.”
Remember this headline from Nov 6? Viral fever spreading in Sri Lanka
Over one thousand viral fever patients have been reported from the Colombo areas.
And yesterday’s headlineChikungunya epidemic in Sri Lanka
That misspelling of the flu was their’s not mine. So if you google title you have to spell it their way.
witness – at 15:19
Recombinomics Commentary November 26, 2006
Following guidelines approved by the National Security Council, the government began culling 236,000 chickens and ducks at six farms within a 500-meter radius of the initially infected farm in Iksan, North Cholla Province. The measures also include slaughtering 300 pigs and 577 dogs in the area.
The authorities expanded the boundaries of the surveillance zone to a 10-kilometer radius of the outbreak site, and they are planning to give orders to conduct extra culling based on test results on livestock within the 3-kilometer radius quarantine zone.
“The above comments describe aggressive culling in an effort to halt the spread of H5N1 in South Korea. The OIE report of November 22, 2006 indicated HPAI was suspected, based on PCR data. The above culling indicated H5N1 was confirmed, and it is likely that the Qinghai strain of H5N1 has been detected. The Qinghai strain has been associated with the deaths of many mammalian species, including humans, stone martin, fox, dog, and cat. H5N1 has been isolated and sequenced from human, cat, and fox. The dog and fox H5N1 sequences from Azerbaijhan are unique, but have been withheld by the WHO affiliated Weybridge lab.”
http://www.recombinomics.com/News/11260601/H5N1_Korea_Dogs_577.html
(The above commentary has been posted for information only, and not for the purposes of distruption, it has been banned by the forum adminstrators, copy & paste before it is deleted. )
Recombinomics Commentary November 26, 2006
Following guidelines approved by the National Security Council, the government began culling 236,000 chickens and ducks at six farms within a 500-meter radius of the initially infected farm in Iksan, North Cholla Province. The measures also include slaughtering 300 pigs and 577 dogs in the area.
The authorities expanded the boundaries of the surveillance zone to a 10-kilometer radius of the outbreak site, and they are planning to give orders to conduct extra culling based on test results on livestock within the 3-kilometer radius quarantine zone.
“The above comments describe aggressive culling in an effort to halt the spread of H5N1 in South Korea. The OIE report of November 22, 2006 indicated HPAI was suspected, based on PCR data. The above culling indicated H5N1 was confirmed, and it is likely that the Qinghai strain of H5N1 has been detected. The Qinghai strain has been associated with the deaths of many mammalian species, including humans, stone martin, fox, dog, and cat. H5N1 has been isolated and sequenced from human, cat, and fox. The dog and fox H5N1 sequences from Azerbaijhan are unique, but have been withheld by the WHO affiliated Weybridge lab.”
http://www.recombinomics.com/News/11260601/H5N1_Korea_Dogs_577.html
(The above commentary has been posted for information only, and not for the purposes of distruption, it has been banned by the forum adminstrators, copy & paste before it is deleted. )
! ! ! S c i e n t i s t s s t i l l d o n ‘ t k n o w c a u s e o f b i r d f l u N o v e m b e r † 2 7 , 2 0 0 6 † K S T † 0 5 : 4 6 † J o o n A n g D a i l y N a t i o n a l K o r e a ‘ ‘ ‘ N o v e m b e r 2 8 , 2 0 0 6 1a “ S c i e n t i s t s a r e u n s u r e a b o u t t h e e x a c t c a u s e o f t h e o u t b r e a k o f a v i a n i n f l u e n z a d i s c o v e r e d a t a c h i c k e n f a r m i n I k s a n , N o r t h J e o l l a p r o v i n c e . ‘ ‘ ‘ T h e A g r i c u l t u r e M i n i s t r y c o n f i r m e d y e s t e r d a y t h a t t h e v i r u s i s a ‘ ‘ ‘ h i g h l y p a t h o g e n i c f o r m o f t h e H 5 N 1 s t r a i n , i m p l y i n g t h a t h u m a n b e i n g s c o u l d b e i n f e c t e d . ‘ ‘ ‘ I t i s t h e f i r s t t i m e i n 3 5 m o n t h s t h a t a h i g h l y p a t h o g e n i c f o r m o f a v i a n i n f l u e n z a , a l s o k n o w n a s b i r d f l u , w a s d i s c o v e r e d i n K o r e a . S i n c e t h e b e g i n n i n g o f t h i s m o n t h , m a j o r q u a r a n t i n e a c t i v i t i e s h a v e b e e n c o n d u c t e d i n P a j u , C h e o l w o n a n d G o s e o n g , i n a r e a s w h e r e m i g r a t o r y b i r d s s e t t l e . H o w e v e r , I k s a n w a s n o t o n e o f t h e m . T h e N a t i o n a l V e t e r i n a r y R e s e a r c h a n d Q u a r a n t i n e S e r v i c e s u s p e c t s t h e o u t b r e a k o f b i r d f l u t h i s t i m e c a m e f r o m m i g r a t o r y b i r d s , b e c a u s e t h e f a r m w h e r e t h e v i r u s w a s d i s c o v e r e d i s n e a r a n a r e a w h e r e m i g r a t o r y b i r d s o f t e n s t o p . I n 2 0 0 3 , E u m s e o n g , N o r t h C h u n g c h e o n g t h e a r e a w h e r e b i r d f l u w a s d i s c o v e r e d w a s a l s o l o c a t e d n e a r a m i g r a t o r y b i r d s e t t l e m e n t . S o m e f o r e i g n c a s e s o f t h e b i r d f l u , s u c h a s t h o s e i n C h i n a a n d R u s s i a l a s t y e a r , w e r e a l s o f o u n d a m o n g m i g r a t o r y b i r d s . A c c o r d i n g t o t h e N a t i o n a l I n s t i t u t e o f E n v i r o n m e n t a l R e s e a r c h , K o r e a i s a “ h a v e n “ f o r m i g r a t o r y b i r d s , w i t h m o r e t h a n 1 6 0 t y p e s o f b i r d s f l y i n g i n f r o m n i n e c o u n t r i e s . M o r e t h a n 1 m i l l i o n b i r d s v i s i t K o r e a a n n u a l l y , u s u a l l y r e s t i n g i n 3 1 a r e a s o n b a n k s n e a r t h e m o u t h s o f r i v e r s b e t w e e n N o v e m b e r a n d J a n u a r y . T h e y g e n e r a l l y l e a v e b e t w e e n F e b r u a r y a n d M a r c h . ‘ ‘ ‘ H o w e v e r , s o m e s p e c i a l i s t s p o i n t o u t i t h a s n o t b e e n p r o v e n y e t t h a t b i r d f l u t r a v e l s t h r o u g h m i g r a t o r y b i r d s . “ I f w e c o n c l u d e t h a t a v i a n i n f l u e n z a i s c a u s e d b y m i g r a t o r y b i r d s , t h e r e w i l l b e l o o p h o l e s i n q u a r a n t i n e s , “ s a i d K i m K y u n g - w o n , a n o f f i c i a l o f t h e K o r e a n F e d e r a t i o n f o r E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o v e m e n t . “ - e x c e r p t ‘ ‘ ‘ h t t p : / / t i n y u r l . c o m / y e m t 2 4 ( T h e a b o v e c o m m e n t a r y h a s b e e n p o s t e d f o r i n f o r m a t i o n o n l y , a n d n o t f o r t h e p u r p o s e s o f d i s r u p t i o n , t h e s e p o s t i n g s h a v e b e e n b a n n e d b y t h e f o r u m a d m i n s t r a t o r s , c o p y & p a s t e b e f o r e d e l e t i o n . )
November 27, 2006 KST 05:46
JoonAngDaily National
Korea
November 28, 2006 ?” Scientists are unsure about the exact cause of the outbreak of avian influenza discovered at a chicken farm in Iksan, North Jeolla province.
The Agriculture Ministry confirmed yesterday that the virus is a highly pathogenic form of the H5N1 strain, implying that human beings could be infected. It is the first time in 35 months that a highly pathogenic form of avian influenza, also known as bird flu, was discovered in Korea.
Since the beginning of this month, major quarantine activities have been conducted in Paju, Cheolwon and Goseong, in areas where migratory birds settle. However, Iksan was not one of them.
The National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service suspects the outbreak of bird flu this time came from migratory birds, because the farm where the virus was discovered is near an area where migratory birds often stop.
In 2003, Eumseong, North Chungcheong — the area where bird flu was discovered — was also located near a migratory bird settlement. Some foreign cases of the bird flu, such as those in China and Russia last year, were also found among migratory birds.
According to the National Institute of Environmental Research, Korea is a “haven” for migratory birds, with more than 160 types of birds flying in from nine countries. More than 1 million birds visit Korea annually, usually resting in 31 areas on banks near the mouths of rivers between November and January. They generally leave between February and March.
However, some specialists point out it has not been proven yet that bird flu travels through migratory birds. “If we conclude that avian influenza is caused by migratory birds, there will be loopholes in quarantines,” said Kim Kyung-won, an official of the Korean Federation for Environmental Movement. “ - excerpt
(The above commentary has been posted for information only, and not for the purposes of disruption, these postings have been banned by the forum adminstrators, copy & paste before deletion. )
h t t p : / / t i n y u r l . c o m / y e m t 2 4
2006/11/27 07:38 KST
N. Korea steps up preventive measures against bird flu: KCNA
SEOUL, Nov. 27 (Yonhap) — “Following an outbreak of bird flu in South Korea, the North is toughening its own preventive measures against the deadly epidemic, its main media reported.
The country’s official Korea Central News Agency said North Korean disease control officials have conducted inoculation of poultry with H5N1 vaccines. It also said sentry posts along borderlines are working closely with disease control officials to block the epidemic from spreading into the North.”
Chikungunya hits Lanka Fear closes a school Sri Lanka,Nov24
Eighty-one people were reported dead
While the government has asked people not to panic the independent Daily Mirror reported on Friday that a school in Kaipitiya was closed after many students and teachers were found with high fever.
Since when does Chikungunya kill you?Interesting comment about the Daily Mirror being independent.
I thought the mosquito season was over. If not, how long does it last? Or, is it year round? (maybe this should go on the dummies thread. Where is that thread….)
India
Mysterious disease kills 3 children and sickens parents and four others. Post mortems are being done. The parents were feeling sick for a few days, but the children seemed healthy in the morning but died in the afternoon. A stranger had come to town ill a few days earlier and also died that afternoon.
The Standard
Monday, November 27, 2006
“World Health Organization director-general-elect Margaret Chan Fung Fu-chun has called on all member countries, including China, to exercise a high level of transparency in efforts to fight bird flu, saying she is fully aware of many countries’ concerns about public health administration in the mainland.
“China is a big country whose public health administration is of great concern to other states. China is adopting a positive attitude towards cooperation in the area of public health,” Chan said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua News Agency - the first since her election to the top WHO post earlier this month.
Chan’s election had earlier prompted calls for independence and transparency at the top of the global health agency amid concern about the mainland’s secrecy in tackling infectious diseases.
Cooperation between China and the WHO is good. The exchange of timely information facilitates the work of the organization,” Chan was quoted as saying.
Somalia
Is this a new location? I thought I saw 5 blinking chickens on the RSOE hazards site map yesterday. Now there are 6.
Dozens of birds, thought to be ducks, never before seen in Somalia, were found dead. They wore tags showing they were from Croatia. Diagnosis not confirmed as BF, but there are no laboratories to test them. There has been flooding in Somalia causing many problems, stranding people on hilltops and destroying food stocks. The birds were spotted in flocks of hundreds before bodies began to be noticed.
comment If the birds were not ducks, they might have drowned I suppose. (best case scenario)
Witness at 18:46 asks “since when does Chikungunya kill you.” (in response to a 24 Nov report that 81 people in Sri Lanka have died of it recently. Below is from an online source re Chikungunya.
Symptoms and effects. After an incubation period of 3–12 days there is a sudden onset of flu-like symptoms including a severe headache, chills, fever (>40°C,104°F), joint pain, nausea and vomiting. The joints of the extermities in particular become swollen and painful to the touch. A rash may sometimes occur. Hemorrhage is rare and all but a few patients recover within 3–5 days. Some can suffer for joint pain for months. Children may display neurological symptoms.”
it would seem the answer is, most of the time it doesn’t. (kill you)
The article also mentioned that it is so similar to dengue that a differential diagnosis is required to be sure which it is.
South Korea
Quarantining of 677 “cats, dogs, and mice” who may carry the virus, according to a story in Chosun Ilbo. Vaccinations were done on 116 people in the village.
http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200611/200611270004.html
Viral fever sweeps Jaffna northeastNov.27 India
“In jaffna, this viral fever which has the symptoms of chikungunya is spreading very fast. I find that more than 5,000 people have been infected,”Dr. Ketheeswaran, told Reuters.
“Jaffna residents told Reuters doctors had recommended paracetamol as a fever preventive,but most shops had run out.”
http://www.rense.com/general74/cchik.htm
Chikungunya Spreads - US, Taiwan, And Sri Lanka A ProMED-mail post ProMED-mail is a program of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
By Fernando Quintero Rocky Mountain News 11–25–6
At least 2 Coloradans returned home recently from Asia and East Africa with chikungunya, an infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes.
According to the national Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s website, the disease can cause fever, headache, nausea, joint pain and other symptoms. No deaths related to the infection have been documented [True in the USA; mortality has been reported in the Indian Ocean and India epidemics. - Mod.TY]
Chikungunya is among several types of mosquitoborne diseases that people can contract when they travel abroad, said John Pape, an epidemiologist with the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. “Each year, we get reports of dengue, malaria, and other diseases from travelers,” Pape said. “There is no outbreak of these diseases locally, and it’s not mosquito season. So there’s really no danger to the general public.”
The rest of the article is an interesting read.
South Korea
Quarantine measures taken to stop the spread of avian flu:
<snip>We are planning to establish more checkpoints at traffic points and mountain roads connecting the villages with the help of the police and the military. We are also deploying more quarantine workers to the area,’’ said an official from the North Cholla Provincial Government, adding that authorities plan to double the current eight checkpoints surrounding the affected area soon.<snip>
<snip>Farmers in the affected areas are restricted from moving poultry, eggs and other products.<snip>
The quarantine area covers a 3-km area around the farm.
http://times.hankooki.com/lpage/nation/200611/kt2006112618121511990.htm
comment
Wasn’t there a second farm 30 or 70m km. from the first? I’m sure they are being cautious and want to stop the spread, so maybe the contradictory news we get is due to bad sources or translations rather than inadequate actions?
Jane 19:47 posts about mystery illness in India. We seem to be getting reports of alot of these in India and nearby regions lately, where they are calling it anything but H5N1. (Usually Dengue, Chik or cerebral malaria.) Perhaps the reason is what happened in the spring after India had an announced outbreak of H5N1: The resultant culling and loss of business so devastated the chicken farmers that 9 of them in one week committed suicide, and 70% were reported in dire straits financially. Here’s the URL (sorry it’s long, I haven’t looked up how to use tinyurl yet)
My guess is that the Indian government will not call an H5N1 outbreak among poultry or people until it goes pandemic. It
This just showed up on News Now . . .
Monday, November 27, 2006
Home > National > Politics/Diplomacy
Zoom in Zoom out Print 2006/11/27 12:37 KST
Bird flu spreads in South Korea despite quarantine measures
SEOUL, Nov. 27 (Yonhap) — Bird flu was found in a pair of chickens raised in South Korea’s southern city of Seosan, north of Iksan where the first outbreak took place and thousands of chickens were subsequently culled, government officials said Monday.
The chickens found to be infected with the deadly epidemic had been born out of eggs supplied from the Iksan poultry farm where the highly-virulent strain of bird flu was discovered last week, the provincial officials said.
How do you quarantine mice?